PY 101 – 012

Monday, February 5, 2016

Week 4, Day 3 Notes

Morality

Quizlet: https://quizlet.com/_1zj15y

Trolley problem

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  • Train heading towards people
    • You can flip the switch and kill one person or not touch the switch and let it kill five
      • Which is more moral

But what about moral emotions

  • Moral actions are influenced by emotions
    • Empathy - putting yourself in someone else’s shoes
    • Sympathy - arises from feelings of concern
  • Shame and embarrassment

How does theory of mid influence moral decision making?

  • Is it possible that there is a biological component to morality?

Gender Identity

  • Gender roles
  • Gender typing
  • Gender schemas
  • Gender identity

Formation of gender identity

  • Science is leading to gender being something that is performed
  • Sex = biological
  • Gender = social
    • Sex is sometimes viewed as being how you act, not biological
  • Intersex individuals
    • Individuals who has ambiguous genitalia
      • When this happens, it is advised not to decide your child’s sex for them
      • Masculinity and femininity doesn’t really work by biology for these individuals
  • Ex. Boy who was raised a girl
    • Boy twins
      • One boy had bad circumcision
        • Turned his penis into a vagina
          • His parents raised him as a girl
          • He gravitated toward masculine things
            • Never found happiness
              • Killed himself
            • Pretty much boils down to hormone levels
              • If you have a ton of testosterone, you’re going to want to be dominant and you aren’t going to act feminine (even if you are gay) you will be an aggressive person
              • If you have a ton of estrogen, you will be more laid back or emotional

                • Even if you’re a dude

    • An idea of the types of things that you experience at different parts of your life

Erikson’s eight stages of human development

  • Periods of great change
    • Adolescence
    • Old age

Adolescence

  • Identity versus role confusion
    • Where do you fit in a social context
  • Identity formation is influenced by
    • Changing physical appearance
    • Increasing cognitive skills
    • More complex social environment
      • Everyone around you is changing too
    • Heightened pressure about future decisions
      • Same neural networks that process pain, also process social pain
        • In some sense, rejection is actually painful
  • Biologically
    • Onset of sexual maturity and ability to reproduce
  • Puberty
    • Hormone levels increase
    • Growth spurt, primary and secondary sex characteristics
  • Puberty is complex and dynamic interaction between biological and environmental experiences
    • Brain undergoes a phase of reorganization, with synaptic connections being refined and gray matter increasing (speech, decision-making, self control)

Vocab

Empathy arises from understanding another’s emotional state and feeling what the other person is feeling or would be expected to feel in the given situation
Sympathy arises from feelings of concern, pity, or sorrow for another
Gender roles the characteristics associated with males and females because of cultural influence or learning
Gender typing the process by which children learn the abilities, interests, and behaviors associated with being masculine and feminine in their culture
Gender schemas cognitive structures that reflect the perceived appropriateness of male and female characteristics and behaviors
Gender identity personal beliefs about whether one is male or female
Erikson’s eight stages of human development A sort of framework for how we grow and the different ways we lk at life